If you're trying to learn Indonesian Verbs which is also called Bahasa Indonesia, check our courses about Verbs in the present past and future tense... to help you with your Indonesian grammar. Try to concentrate on the lesson and notice the pattern that occurs each time the word changes its place. Also don't forget to check the rest of our other lessons listed on Learn Indonesian. Enjoy the rest of the lesson!
Learning the Indonesian Verbs is very important because its structure is used in every day conversation. The more you master it the more you get closer to mastering the Indonesian language. But first we need to know what the role of Verbs is in the structure of the grammar in Indonesian.
Indonesian verbs are words that convey action (bring, read, walk, run), or a state of being (exist, stand). In most languages a verb may agree with the person, gender, and/or number of some of its arguments, such as its subject, or object.
Verbs in Indonesian are easy to learn. Unlike those in English, Indonesian verbs have no tenses. Verbs are retaining their original form regardless of time used in sentence.
Example:
I am reading book = saya sedang membaca buku
In this example, we use the word “sedang” to inform that the reading is take place right now. The verb “membaca” retain its original form.
More examples:
|
Saya bekerja |
I work |
|
Saya sedang bekerja |
I am working |
|
Saya sudah bekerja |
I have worked I have worked I had worked I have been working I had been working |
|
Saya akan bekerja |
I will work I will be working I will have worked |
Indonesian does not have the verb 'to be'. It's similar to the Indonesian word ‘adalah’, but in most cases it’s simply omitted.
Example:
He is a teacher = Dia (adalah) seorang guru.
This is her book = Ini (adalah) bukunya.
You can omit the word ‘adalah’ in informal cases. In case of adjectives or passive sentence, ‘adalah‘ MUST be omitted.
Example:
She is beautiful = Dia cantik
I am called = Saya dipanggil
Indonesian verbs also have connotation. There are several words to express something, depending on the subjects.
Example:
The English word “die”.
|
Mati |
(natural sense, usually used on animal) |
|
Gugur |
a hero/soldier who died on duty/war) |
|
Mangkat |
A king, emperor, president, etc |
|
Meninggal dunia |
An ordinary men, die because of illness. |
|
Wafat |
An ordinary men, die because of age |
|
Tewas |
People die in accident, murder, suicide, and any un-natural cause. |
|
Mampus |
Bad guy, such as robber or thief shot down by policeman. |
If you’re new to Indonesian and don’t know what to say, just simply use the natural word.
Verbs are mostly used with prefixes and suffixes. In our previous examples, there are words “membaca” and “bekerja”.
Membaca (to read) = me+baca
Bekerja (to work) = be+kerja
in informal cases , “baca” and “kerja” can be used directly without prefix.
Example:
English = Dad is reading a newspaper
Informal = Bapak sedang baca koran
Formal = Bapak sedang membaca koran
Prefixes and suffixes are said to be one of the hardest things when learning Indonesian. There were many of them; each with many slight transformations depends on the following or followed letter. Moreover, some prefixes must be combined with certain suffixes when they are used with certain words. We’ll learn about prefix and suffix in separated material.
Here are some other examples:
| English Verbs | Indonesian Verbs |
|---|---|
| Verbs | Kata kerja |
| Past | Lalu |
| I spoke | Aku berbicara |
| I wrote | Aku menulis |
| I drove | Aku mengemudi |
| I loved | Aku mencintai |
| I gave | Aku memberikan |
| I smiled | Aku tersenyum |
| I took | Aku mengambil |
| he spoke | ia berbicara |
| he wrote | ia menulis |
| he drove | ia menyetir |
| he loved | dia mencintai |
| he gave | ia memberi |
| he smiled | dia tersenyum |
| he took | ia mengambil |
| we spoke | kami bicara |
| we wrote | kami menulis |
| we drove | kami mengendarai |
| we loved | kami mencintai |
| we gave | kami memberikan |
| we smiled | kita tersenyum |
| we took | kami mengambil |
| Future | Masa depan |
| I will speak | Aku akan berbicara |
| I will write | Aku akan menulis |
| I will drive | Aku akan mendorong |
| I will love | Aku akan mencintai |
| I will give | Aku akan memberikan |
| I will smile | Aku akan tersenyum |
| I will take | Aku akan mengambil |
| he will speak | ia akan berbicara |
| he will write | ia akan menulis |
| he will drive | ia akan mengendarai |
| he will love | ia akan menciantai |
| he will give | ia akan memberikan |
| he will smile | dia akan tersenyum |
| he will take | dia akan mengambil |
| we will speak | kita akan berbicara |
| we will write | kita akan menulis |
| we will drive | kami akan mengendarai |
| we will love | kami akan mencintai |
| we will give | kami akan memberikan |
| we will smile | kita akan tersenyum |
| we will take | kami akan mengambil |
| Present | Sekarang |
| I speak | Aku berbicara |
| I write | Aku menulis |
| I drive | saya mengendarai |
| I love | saya mencintai |
| I give | Aku memberikan |
| I smile | Aku tersenyum |
| I take | Aku mengambil |
| he speaks | ia berbicara |
| he writes | ia menulis |
| he drives | dia mengendarai |
| he loves | dia mencintai |
| he gives | ia memberikan |
| he smiles | dia tersenyum |
| he takes | ia mengambil |
| we speak | kita berbicara |
| we write | kita menulis |
| we drive | kita mengendarai |
| we love | kita mencintai |
| we give | kita berikan |
| we smile | kita tersenyum |
| we take | kita |
Notice the structure of the Verbs in Indonesian.
Below is a list of the conjugated Verbs in the present past and future in Indonesian placed in a table. Memorizing this table will help you add very useful and important words to your Indonesian vocabulary.
| English Verbs | Indonesian Verbs |
|---|---|
| I can accept that | Saya bisa menerima bahwa |
| she added it | dia menambahkan hal itu |
| we admit it | kita mengakuinya |
| they advised him | mereka menasihatinya |
| I can agree with that | Saya bisa setuju dengan itu |
| she allows it | ia memungkinkan |
| we announce it | kami mengumumkannya |
| I can apologize | Aku bisa minta maaf |
| she appears today | dia muncul hari ini |
| they arranged that | mereka mengatur bahwa |
| I can arrive tomorrow | Aku bisa tiba besok |
| she can ask him | dia bisa memintanya |
| she attaches that | ia melekat bahwa |
| we attack them | kami menyerang mereka |
| they avoid her | mereka menghindarinya |
| I can bake it | saya bisa memanggangnya |
| she is like him | dia seperti dia |
| we beat it | kami mengalahkannya |
| they became happy | mereka menjadi bahagia |
| I can begin that | Aku bisa memulai bahwa |
| we borrowed money | kita meminjam uang |
| they breathe air | mereka menghirup udara |
| I can bring it | Aku bisa membawanya |
| I can build that | Aku dapat membangun bahwa |
| she buys food | ia membeli makanan |
| we calculate it | kami menghitungnya |
| they carry it | mereka membawanya |
| they don't cheat | mereka tidak menipu |
| she chooses him | dia memilih dia |
| we close it | kami tutup |
| he comes here | dia datang ke sini |
| I can compare that | Aku dapat membandingkan |
| she competes with me | dia bersaing dengan saya |
| we complain about it | kita mengeluh tentang hal itu |
| they continued reading | mereka terus membaca |
| he cried about that | ia berteriak tentang itu |
| I can decide now | Aku bisa memutuskan sekarang |
| she described it to me | ia menjelaskan padaku |
| we disagree about it | kita tidak setuju tentang hal itu |
| they disappeared quickly | mereka menghilang dengan cepat |
| I discovered that | Saya menemukan bahwa |
| she dislikes that | ia tidak suka bahwa |
| we do it | kita melakukannya |
| they dream about it | mereka bermimpi tentang itu |
| I earned | Aku diterima |
| he eats a lot | ia makan banyak |
| we enjoyed that | kami menikmati bahwa |
| they entered here | mereka masuk sini |
| he escaped that | ia melarikan diri bahwa |
| I can explain that | Saya bisa menjelaskan bahwa |
| she feels that too | ia merasa demikian juga |
| we fled from there | kami melarikan diri dari sana |
| they will fly tomorrow | mereka akan terbang besok |
| I can follow you | Aku bisa mengikuti Anda |
| she forgot me | ia melupakan saya |
| we forgive him | kita memaafkannya |
| I can give her that | Aku bisa memberinya bahwa |
| she goes there | dia pergi ke sana |
| we greeted them | kami menyambut mereka |
| I hate that | Aku benci |
| I can hear it | Aku bisa mendengarnya |
| she imagine that | dia membayangkan bahwa |
| we invited them | kami mengundang mereka |
| I know him | Aku tahu dia |
| she learned it | dia belajar itu |
| we leave now | kita berangkat sekarang |
| they lied about him | mereka berbohong tentang dia |
| I can listen to that | Aku bisa mendengarkan bahwa |
| she lost that | ia kehilangan |
| we made it yesterday | kami melakukannya kemarin |
| they met him | mereka bertemu dengannya |
| I misspell that | saya salah mengeja bahwa |
| I always pray | Aku selalu berdoa |
| she prefers that | ia lebih suka |
| we protected them | kita melindungi mereka |
| they will punish her | mereka akan menghukumnya |
| I can put it there | Aku dapat menaruhnya di sana |
| she will read it | dia akan membacanya |
| we received that | kami menerima bahwa |
| they refuse to talk | mereka menolak untuk berbicara |
| I remember that | Aku ingat bahwa |
| she repeats that | ia mengulangi lagi bahwa |
| we see it | kita melihatnya |
| they sell it | mereka menjualnya |
| I sent that yesterday | Aku mengirim kemarin |
| he shaved his beard | ia mencukur jenggot |
| it shrunk quickly | itu menyusut dengan cepat |
| we will sing it | kami akan menyanyikannya |
| they sat there | mereka duduk di sana |
| I can speak it | Saya bisa berbicara itu |
| she spends money | ia menghabiskan uang |
| we suffered from that | kami menderita dari yang |
| they suggest that | mereka berpendapat bahwa |
| I surprised him | saya mengejutkannya |
| she took that | ia mengambil yang |
| we teach it | kita mengajarkan |
| they told us | mereka mengatakan kepada kami |
| she thanked him | ia mengucapkan terima kasih |
| I can think about it | Saya bisa berpikir tentang hal ini |
| she threw it | ia melemparkannya |
| we understand that | kami memahami bahwa |
| they want that | mereka ingin bahwa |
| I can wear it | Saya bisa memakainya |
| she writes that | ia menulis bahwa |
| we talk about it | kita membicarakan hal ini |
| they have it | mereka memilikinya |
| I watched it | Aku menontonnya |
| I will talk about it | Aku akan membicarakannya |
| he bought that yesterday | dia beli kemarin |
| we finished it | kami selesai itu |
Verbs in the present past and future tense have a very important role in Indonesian. Once you're done with the Bahasa Indonesia Verbs, you might want to check the rest of our Indonesian lessons here: Learn Indonesian. Don't forget to bookmark this page.
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