If you're trying to learn Esperanto Pronouns you will find some useful resources including a course about Personal pronouns, indefinite pronouns, relative pronouns, reciprocal or reflexive pronouns... to help you with your Esperanto grammar. Try to concentrate on the lesson and notice the pattern that occurs each time the word changes its place. Also don't forget to check the rest of our other lessons listed on Learn Esperanto. Enjoy the rest of the lesson!
Learning the Esperanto Pronouns displayed below is vital to the language. Esperanto pronouns include personal pronouns (refer to the persons speaking, the persons spoken to, or the persons or things spoken about), indefinite pronouns, relative pronouns (connect parts of sentences) and reciprocal or reflexive pronouns (in which the object of a verb is being acted on by verb's subject).
In English personal pronouns are (I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they), and (me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them), In Esperanto, the personal pronouns are:
mi… (I), vi… (you),li… (he), ŝi… (she), ni… (we), ili… (they)
min…(me), vin,,, (you), lin…(him), and so on.
Possessive Pronouns:
Mía/miaj (mine), via/viaj (yours), lia/liaj, ŝia/ŝiaj (his, hers), nia/niaj (ours), ilia/iliaj(theirs).
Important note: Si / Sin = himself, herself, itself, themselves, oneself. Sia(j) = his own, her own, its own, their own, one’s own. These forms are reflexive third person pronouns which refer back to the subject of the action. It reduces ambiguity in the sentence when more than one he or she or it is involved. Si cannot be the subject of a sentence.
1. Li legas al si en sia lito, por amuzi sin. (He reads to himself in his own bed to amuse himself.)
2. Li legas al li en lia lito, por amuzi lin. (He reads to him (someone else) in his (that person’s) bed, to amuse him (the other guy).
3. Li legas al li en sia lito, por amuzi sin. (He reads to him (someone else) in his (the first person’s) bed to amuse himself (the first person in the sentence).
4. La plumo de la patro estas en lia poŝo. (The father’s pen is in his pocket.) Not sia, which would mean in the pen’s pocket! Sia would refer to “plumo.”
Here are some examples:
| English Pronouns | Esperanto Pronouns |
|---|---|
| Pronouns | Pronomoj |
| I | mi |
| you | vi |
| he | li |
| she | ŝi |
| we | ni |
| they | ili |
| me | mi, min |
| you | vi, vin |
| him | li, lin |
| her | ŝi, ŝin |
| us | ni, nin |
| them | ili, ilin |
| my | mia |
| your | via |
| his | lia |
| her | ŝia |
| our | nia |
| their | ilia |
| mine | mia |
| yours | via |
| his | lia |
| hers | ŝia |
| ours | nia |
| theirs | ilia |
Notice the structure of the Pronouns in Esperanto.
Below is a list of the Personal pronouns, indefinite pronouns, relative pronouns, reciprocal or reflexive pronouns in Esperanto placed in a table. Memorizing this table will help you add very useful and important words to your Esperanto vocabulary.
| English Pronouns | Esperanto Pronouns |
|---|---|
| I speak | mi parolas |
| you speak | vi parolas |
| he speaks | li parolas |
| she speaks | ŝi parolas |
| we speak | ni parolas |
| they speak | ili parolas |
| give me | donu al mi |
| donu al vi | |
| give him | donu al li |
| give her | donu al ŝi |
| give us | donu al ni |
| give them | donu al ili |
| my book | mia libro |
| your book | via libro |
| his book | lia libro |
| her book | ŝia libro |
| our book | nia libro |
| their book | ilia libro |
Personal pronouns, indefinite pronouns, relative pronouns, reciprocal or reflexive pronouns have a very important role in Esperanto. Once you're done with Esperanto Pronouns, you might want to check the rest of our Esperanto lessons here: Learn Esperanto. Don't forget to bookmark this page.
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